Cement shouldn’t be glamorous, however it’s the one product you’ll be able to nearly use to learn a rustic’s ambition. You see it in new highways, ports, airports, housing estates, and the quiet unfold of block-making yards on the fringe of city. Throughout Africa, that urge for food is now large enough to help a critical cash story. Business trackers estimate Africa’s cement market at about $8.1 billion in 2024, rising to $8.7 billion in 2025, with projections pushing it towards $11.7 billion by 2029.
But the continent’s cement actuality has lengthy been a contradiction: excessive costs, skinny competitors, and demand that also trails different areas. A World Financial institution working paper utilizing internationally comparable worth information discovered the typical worth in Africa was $252 per tonne in 2011, whereas consumption was the bottom of any continent in that dataset. It additionally famous the everyday African financial system had low put in capability of about 3 megatons per 12 months in 2011, and cement spend averaged about 1.3 % of GDP, roughly 13.5 % of building funding.
That hole between want and provide is precisely the place fortunes are made. What’s altering now could be possession. Multinationals nonetheless loom massive, however essentially the most aggressive progress tales are more and more native: greenfield vegetation financed by regional capital, and a brand new wave of acquisitions the place African teams purchase property the globals are shedding. Holcim’s offers in East Africa, promoting its Uganda unit to Sarrai Group and its Tanzania stake to Amsons, turned a neat image of that shift.
Beneath are the homegrown names to know, the moguls and billionaire builders turning limestone into stability sheets.
Aliko Dangote, Nigeria
Firm: Dangote Cement
The place it operates: Nigeria plus a pan African footprint spanning 10 African nations
Annual output or capability: about 52 million tonnes per 12 months throughout Africa
Dangote is the reference level as a result of he industrialised cement at scale after which exported the playbook. Dangote Cement describes itself as Sub Saharan Africa’s main cement producer, with capability of 52.0 million tonnes per 12 months throughout ten nations. In sensible phrases, that scale makes Dangote each a producer and a market maker: when he provides a line, costs transfer; when he exports clinker, neighbors really feel it.
What makes his cement fortune distinct is geography. Dangote’s footprint spans a number of markets together with Cameroon, Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania and Zambia, constructed round a vertically built-in mannequin that runs from quarry to buyer.
Abdulsamad Rabiu, Nigeria
Firm: BUA Cement
The place it operates: Nigeria, with vegetation in Sokoto and Edo and new builds underway
Annual output or capability: 17 million tonnes each year put in capability
Rabiu’s cement story is a dash in comparison with Dangote’s marathon. The corporate has described 2024 as a landmark 12 months after commissioning new traces that lifted put in capability to 17 million tonnes each year, with one other 3 million tonne plant beneath building.
The Rabiu angle is competitors. Nigeria is the continent’s largest non-public battlefield for cement capital, and BUA has positioned itself because the credible counterweight, pushing utilisation, distribution attain, and pricing energy in a market the place infrastructure and housing demand by no means actually goes away.
Anas Sefrioui, Morocco
Firm: CIMAF
The place it operates: 10 African nations via grinding vegetation, plus Morocco by way of built-in vegetation
Annual output or capability: about 12 million tonnes a 12 months; 13 grinding vegetation in 10 African nations
Sefrioui is best identified globally for property, however CIMAF is among the most quietly expansive African cement tales of the previous decade. The group has been described as producing about 12 million tons a 12 months, with 13 grinding vegetation in 10 African nations spanning West and Central Africa.
CIMAF’s mannequin leans into pace. Grinding vegetation are quicker to deploy than built-in kilns, they usually let the group chase demand pockets throughout borders with out ready years for full clinker capability.
Mohammed Al Amoudi, Ethiopia
Firm: Derba MIDROC Cement
The place it operates: Ethiopia
Annual output or capability: about 2.5 million tonnes per 12 months
Derba is among the vegetation that helped reset Ethiopia’s cement equation. Public mission documentation has cited round 2.5 million tonnes per 12 months at full capability.
In a rustic the place industrial coverage and building cycles collide, cement is strategic. Al Amoudi’s cement footprint sits inside a wider set of bets, however Derba stays the long-lasting kiln that anchored his industrial presence at dwelling.
Narendra Raval, Kenya
Firm: Devki Group, Nationwide Cement and Simba Cement
The place it operates: Kenya, with a regional export posture
Annual output or capability: 7.5 million tonnes per 12 months cement capability
In East Africa, Raval is the identify contractors point out after they complain about worth wars, after which admit they love the regular provide. The group has been reported as among the many largest clinker producers within the area, with 7.5 million tonnes a 12 months of cement capability.
His aggressive edge is industrial self-discipline: limestone, energy, logistics, distribution. The result’s a Kenyan cement champion constructed with the identical instincts that made Dangote dominant in West Africa.
Edha Nahdi, Tanzania
Firm: Amsons Group
The place it operates: Tanzania and Kenya, with ambitions throughout East Africa
Annual output or capability: Mbeya 1.1 million tonnes a 12 months; Camel 0.85 million tonnes a 12 months; Bamburi growth targets about 3.4 million tonnes a 12 months cement in Kenya
Amsons is performing like a regional consolidator, not a home producer. It has been named as the customer in offers involving main cement property in Tanzania, and it has additionally constructed a Kenyan platform via its Bamburi ambitions. Its Tanzania portfolio is usually described as Mbeya Cement at round 1.1 million tonnes a 12 months and Camel Cement at round 0.85 million tonnes a 12 months. In Kenya, revealed plans round Bamburi’s new clinker line recommend capability might rise materially, with cement manufacturing projected to maneuver from about 1.8 million tonnes to about 3.4 million tonnes yearly as soon as accomplished.
Ibrahim Mahama, Ghana
Firm: Dzata Cement
The place it operates: Ghana
Annual output or capability: projected 2 million tonnes a 12 months, with public discuss of as much as 3 million tonnes because it scales
Ghana’s cement scene is crowded, however Dzata is a transparent instance of native capital pushing into an area lengthy formed by international manufacturers. The corporate has publicly put its projected manufacturing capability at 2 million tonnes a 12 months, whereas native reporting has carried administration projections of as much as 3 million tonnes yearly because it scales.
